Three Band Snider Enfield Antique Military Rifle by Thomas Turner, Birmingham

The Three Band Snider-Enfield Rifle, particularly one manufactured by Thomas Turner of Birmingham, is an intriguing example of 19th-century British military firearms. Here's a breakdown of its history and key features:

Background:
The Snider-Enfield rifle was an important transitional firearm for the British Army, as it marked the move from muzzle-loading to breech-loading rifles. Developed in the 1860s, the Snider mechanism was invented by American Jacob Snider and adapted for use in Britain. The rifle itself was based on the existing Enfield Pattern 1853 rifle-musket, which had been a muzzle-loading weapon.

The Snider conversion involved modifying these older Pattern 1853 rifles by adding a hinged breech block that allowed soldiers to load from the rear, vastly improving the rate of fire.

Three Band Configuration:

The "three band" term refers to the barrel being held in place by three metal bands, a common design in longer infantry rifles. This model was longer than cavalry or carbine versions, offering more accuracy and range.

Calibre:

These rifles were chambered for the .577 Snider cartridge, a centerfire round that was a significant improvement over the prior paper cartridges used in muzzle-loading firearms.

Thomas Turner:

Thomas Turner was a notable gunmaker based in Birmingham, England, during the mid-19th century. Turner was known for producing quality firearms and often worked with military contracts.

While Birmingham had numerous gunmakers during the time, Turner's association with quality and craftsmanship makes rifles bearing his mark particularly desirable for collectors.

Breech-loading System:

The rifle was operated using the Snider breech-loading system, where a side-hinged breech block would open, allowing the soldier to insert a metallic cartridge. After firing, the breech block would open to eject the spent casing.

Historical Significance:

This rifle was issued widely to British forces and saw use in conflicts such as the Anglo-Zulu War and various colonial campaigns. It was eventually replaced by the Martini-Henry, but the Snider-Enfield remained in service in some areas until the late 19th century. It was also sold to various colonial forces and militias around the world.

Identifying and Valuing a Thomas Turner Snider-Enfield:

Markings: Look for "T. Turner" or "Thomas Turner" along with Birmingham proof marks and any military issue markings (such as regimental stamps or crown acceptance marks).

Condition: The value of an antique firearm like this depends heavily on its condition. Original, unmodified examples with intact markings and patina are the most valuable.

Collector's Interest: These rifles are sought after by military and antique arms collectors, especially those produced by well-known makers like Thomas Turner.

If you have such a rifle, it would be a significant historical artifact, representing an era of rapid technological advancement in military arms.